Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Major Depressive Disorder as per SIG-E-CAPS?

• A. Energy gain
• B. Sleep changes
• C. Interest loss
• D. Appetite changes

Answer: (A)

The correct answer is based on the criteria outlined in the mnemonic SIG-E-CAPS, which is used to identify the symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder. Each letter in the acronym represents a specific symptom:

• S for Sleep changes (insomnia or hypersomnia)

• I for Interest loss (anhedonia)

• G for Guilt or feelings of worthlessness

• E for Energy loss or fatigue

• C for Concentration difficulties

• A for Appetite changes (increased or decreased)

• P for Psychomotor agitation or retardation

• S for Suicidal thoughts or behaviors

In this context, "energy gain" does not align with the symptomatology of Major Depressive Disorder, as individuals typically experience energy loss rather than an increase in energy. Energy fluctuations can occur but are more characteristic of other psychiatric conditions. Understanding that the core features of major depression include a decrease in usual activities, including fatigue and loss of energy, is essential for recognizing the disorder. Thus, recognizing "energy gain" as a non-existent symptom helps in distinguishing it from the established criteria of the disorder.