In terms of signs of shock, what vital sign change do you expect?

• A. Increased blood pressure
• B. Increased heart rate
• C. Decreased respiratory rate
• D. Decreased heart rate

Answer: (B)

In cases of shock, one of the hallmark signs is an increased heart rate, also known as tachycardia. The body responds to a state of shock—whether due to hypovolemia, cardiogenic shock, or other types—by activating the sympathetic nervous system in an effort to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs. As a compensatory mechanism, heart rate increases to enhance cardiac output, striving to deliver enough oxygen and nutrients to tissues.

Other vital signs may also change in a patient experiencing shock, but an increased heart rate is particularly significant as it demonstrates the body's urgent reaction to a potential collapse of cardiovascular function. It is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers to monitor heart rate closely, as this indicator can help assess the severity of shock and guide interventions.