According to the mnemonic "GRAPHIC IDEA," which of the following is a cause of hypokalemia?

• A. Excessive salt intake
• B. Diuretics
• C. Hyperaldosteronism
• D. Cardiac arrest

Answer: (B)

In the context of the mnemonic "GRAPHIC IDEA," it highlights various causes of hypokalemia, with each letter representing a different condition or factor. One of the significant causes included in this mnemonic is the use of diuretics. Diuretics are medications that promote the excretion of urine, which can lead to a significant loss of electrolytes, particularly potassium. This effect occurs because diuretics increase urine output, resulting in the flushing out of potassium along with water and other ions.

When diuretics are used, especially loop diuretics or thiazide diuretics, they can increase the risk of potassium depletion in the body. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial for patients on these medications to prevent hypokalemia and its associated complications, such as muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and overall disruption of normal cardiovascular function.

Understanding this connection helps clarify why diuretics are emphasized as a key factor leading to hypokalemia in clinical practice and within the mnemonic.